WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:02.210 --> 00:00:07.590 And you’re back to another episode of Scribble Kibble, this time all about Frames Per Second. 00:00:07.590 --> 00:00:13.599 That’s right, FPS, your old nemesis, the thing that makes your videos look choppy or 00:00:13.599 --> 00:00:16.130 soupily smooth. 00:00:16.130 --> 00:00:26.239 If you’ve never worked with videos before, all FPS means is how many images per second 00:00:26.239 --> 00:00:27.950 the video is playing. 00:00:27.950 --> 00:00:32.460 As far as animation goes, these are the typical frame rates you will see: 00:00:32.460 --> 00:00:35.150 12 frames per second 24 00:00:35.150 --> 00:00:40.039 30 60 (independent 3D animation) 00:00:40.039 --> 00:00:49.489 90 (virtual reality) 120 (video cameras like Go Pro, gaming) 00:00:49.489 --> 00:00:53.929 240 is about the limit of perceptible smoothness 00:00:53.929 --> 00:01:07.560 There is a big, noticeable difference in smoothness between 12 frames per second and 30 frames 00:01:07.560 --> 00:01:08.670 per second. 00:01:08.670 --> 00:01:13.049 The jump from 30 to 60 is less noticeable, but it’s still there. 00:01:13.049 --> 00:01:20.250 And if you ever get the chance to see 120 versus 240 frames per second, you are baaaaarely 00:01:20.250 --> 00:01:21.880 going to notice a difference. 00:01:21.880 --> 00:01:26.020 Well, the difference is that watching a character moving with that many images every second 00:01:26.020 --> 00:01:29.939 will give you a headache if it doesn’t have motion blur added to it. 00:01:29.939 --> 00:01:36.890 To be clear, your eyes do not see in frames per second, so I can’t tell you what FPS 00:01:36.890 --> 00:01:40.400 your eyes see in, because they don’t see in FPS. 00:01:40.400 --> 00:01:45.500 A single eye actually perceives motion in different speeds at the same time, your brain 00:01:45.500 --> 00:01:50.180 adds motion blur to things moving too fast, and your brain can fill in gaps for you if 00:01:50.180 --> 00:01:51.530 it recognizes a pattern. 00:01:51.530 --> 00:01:56.340 Or it can mess with you and make you see an optical illusion - like the fact a tire rim 00:01:56.340 --> 00:01:59.979 can spin in such a way that it looks like it isn’t moving at all, or even that it’s 00:01:59.979 --> 00:02:00.979 moving backwards. 00:02:00.979 --> 00:02:09.310 Plus, tons of other factors like how old you are, how hard you’ve trained your brain 00:02:09.310 --> 00:02:14.410 to see minute movements, and how much light is coming into your eye can change the number 00:02:14.410 --> 00:02:15.410 of individual images you can perceive. 00:02:15.410 --> 00:02:18.190 So, your eyes do not see in frames per second. 00:02:18.190 --> 00:02:19.190 And! 00:02:19.190 --> 00:02:24.140 And, the amount of frames per second you can see on a computer depends on your monitor. 00:02:24.140 --> 00:02:27.250 Many cannot play more than 60 frames per second. 00:02:27.250 --> 00:02:32.860 So maybe you think your video game is playing at 120 fps, but your monitor could limit you 00:02:32.860 --> 00:02:33.860 to 60. 00:02:33.860 --> 00:02:37.830 You need to get a monitor with a 120 refresh rate. 00:02:37.830 --> 00:02:40.380 Hint hint. 00:02:40.380 --> 00:02:41.930 Back to the little chart here. 00:02:41.930 --> 00:02:47.850 The standard for animation today, even those 3D animated Disney movies, is 24 frames per 00:02:47.850 --> 00:02:48.850 second. 00:02:48.850 --> 00:02:49.850 Yep. 00:02:49.850 --> 00:02:50.850 That’s it. 00:02:50.850 --> 00:02:54.060 In fact, lower budget animations don’t even draw 24 pictures for every second, they only 00:02:54.060 --> 00:02:55.060 draw 12. 00:02:55.060 --> 00:02:57.270 That’s called “drawing on twos.” 00:02:57.270 --> 00:03:02.440 “Drawing on ones” means you are drawing every single picture for your chosen FPS. 00:03:02.440 --> 00:03:07.060 “Drawing on twos” means you only draw half of the pictures and make each picture 00:03:07.060 --> 00:03:08.840 last for two frames. 00:03:08.840 --> 00:03:12.340 Heck, you can even draw on fours, and only make six drawings per second. 00:03:12.340 --> 00:03:14.950 Go you, you incredible time saver. 00:03:14.950 --> 00:03:22.370 Personally I draw on twos as much as I can to save time, but there are some motions that 00:03:22.370 --> 00:03:28.600 I need to animate at 24 frames per second because they happen so fast or are very drastic 00:03:28.600 --> 00:03:29.900 pose changes. 00:03:29.900 --> 00:03:33.300 I want the motion to be fluid so I need to draw a lot of pictures. 00:03:33.300 --> 00:03:39.580 For a very short time I was animating at 30 frames per second, but the difference between 00:03:39.580 --> 00:03:42.410 30 and 24 was not noticeable. 00:03:42.410 --> 00:03:45.920 Why should I draw a few hundred more pictures if I don’t need to? 00:03:45.920 --> 00:03:47.330 So I went back to 24. 00:03:47.330 --> 00:03:49.300 It’s a good place to be. 00:03:49.300 --> 00:03:53.580 I would never make hand drawn animation in 60fps. 00:03:53.580 --> 00:03:58.110 The precision you would need to draw your in between frames would have such a miniscule 00:03:58.110 --> 00:04:04.380 margin of error that it would be a stupid waste of time. 00:04:04.380 --> 00:04:14.020 However, 3D animation can easily be processed in 60fps. 00:04:14.020 --> 00:04:18.979 It might look bizarrely smooth at first, but eventually your brain gets used to it and 00:04:18.979 --> 00:04:22.079 the 60fps doesn’t look strange anymore. 00:04:22.079 --> 00:04:25.590 But again, you’ll only see that kind of frame rate online right now. 00:04:25.590 --> 00:04:30.750 When you go to see an animated movie in theaters, it’s only 24 frames per second. 00:04:30.750 --> 00:04:38.020 Due to the way broadcasting on television evolved, technically most movies are 23.976 00:04:38.020 --> 00:04:40.270 or 29.97 fps. 00:04:40.270 --> 00:04:42.759 Those weird numbers are still the standard today. 00:04:42.759 --> 00:04:48.900 The reason the frame rate is strange is because once color TV was invented, the old monochrome 00:04:48.900 --> 00:04:53.780 TVs that people already had couldn’t play both the color channel and the sound channel 00:04:53.780 --> 00:04:55.419 at the same FPS. 00:04:55.419 --> 00:04:58.229 So the solution was to lower the frequency of the color channel. 00:04:58.229 --> 00:05:00.330 That’s the end of today’s lesson. 00:05:00.330 --> 00:05:03.500 And I just remembered what cartoon I wanted to feature next week. 00:05:03.500 --> 00:05:05.199 I’m going to get to work on that.